{"id":236,"date":"2021-04-26T19:03:22","date_gmt":"2021-04-26T17:03:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bmag.cz\/?p=236"},"modified":"2025-05-16T20:03:11","modified_gmt":"2025-05-16T18:03:11","slug":"co-cim-slepit-aby-to-dlouho-vydrzelo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/?p=236","title":{"rendered":"Co \u010d\u00edm slepit, aby to dlouho vydr\u017eelo"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

P\u0159i lepen\u00ed se vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed a chemick\u00e9 p\u0159ednosti, kter\u00e9 lepidlu umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed pevn\u011b se prov\u00e1zat s povrchem r\u016fzn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f. Nejednou se st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee vytvo\u0159en\u00fd spoj je pevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e samotn\u00fd materi\u00e1l. Aby v\u0161ak byl spoj dostate\u010dn\u011b odoln\u00fd, t\u0159eba respektovat ist<\/p>\n\n\n\n

d\u0159evo
Disperze se staly v truhl\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch d\u00edln\u00e1ch univerz\u00e1ln\u00edm lepidlem na v\u0161echny spoje v\u0161ude tam, kde p\u0159ed lety mist\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edvali kostn\u00ed klih. Jsou vodou \u0159editeln\u00e9, pod tlakem svorek vytvo\u0159\u00ed b\u011bhem deseti hodin pevn\u00fd spoj a po vyschnut\u00ed se b\u00edl\u00e1 emulze zm\u011bn\u00ed na pr\u016fhlednou pru\u017enou hmotu, kter\u00e1 nest\u00e1rne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pevnost spoje z\u00e1vis\u00ed na velikosti kontaktn\u00edch ploch, jejich rovinnosti, p\u0159\u00edtlaku b\u011bhem tuhnut\u00ed a sm\u011bru vl\u00e1ken obou ploch. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee je n\u011bkter\u00e1 ze sty\u010dn\u00fdch ploch orientovan\u00e1 kolmo na vl\u00e1kna d\u0159eva, spoj v\u00fdrazn\u011b zes\u00edl\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed nas\u00e1kavosti vl\u00e1ken. To lze dos\u00e1hnout vet\u0159en\u00edm lepidla do plochy s n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed pauzou, kter\u00e1 zajist\u00ed vypln\u011bn\u00ed meziprostoru vl\u00e1ken lepidlem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Disperzn\u00ed lepidla jsou ozna\u010deny t\u0159\u00eddami D1 a\u017e D4, kter\u00e9 ur\u010duj\u00ed jejich vlastnosti. Zat\u00edmco lepidlo t\u0159\u00eddy D1 je vhodn\u00e9 pouze na spoje, kter\u00e9 budou nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b um\u00edst\u011bny v such\u00e9m interi\u00e9ru, D4 zvl\u00e1dne i pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed podm\u00ednky exteri\u00e9ru s trvalou vlhkost\u00ed \u010di kontaktem s vodou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tam, kde se vy\u017eaduje extr\u00e9mn\u00ed pevnost spoje p\u0159i plo\u0161n\u00e9m lepen\u00ed a p\u0159i nam\u00e1han\u00fdch dlaban\u00fdch spoj\u00edch jsou obl\u00edben\u00e9 lepidla na b\u00e1zi polyuretanu. Vytvrzuj\u00ed se absorbc\u00ed vlhkosti a vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed spoje odoln\u00e9 vod\u011b. Jeliko\u017e p\u0159i tuhnut\u00ed zv\u011bt\u0161uj\u00ed sv\u016fj objem, hod\u00ed se i pro lepen\u00ed dlaban\u00fdch spoj\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

sklo
V\u00fdb\u011br lepidla na lepen\u00ed skla z\u00e1vis\u00ed od toho, co od spoje o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1me. Rozbitou v\u00e1zu a dekorativn\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bty ze skla lze d\u00e1t znovu dohromady s pou\u017eit\u00edm sekundov\u00e9ho lepidla na b\u00e1zi kyano-akryl\u00e1tu, kter\u00e9 je prvn\u00edm lepidlem v dom\u00e1cnosti, po kter\u00e9m v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nouze obvykle sah\u00e1me. Spojit vytvo\u0159\u00ed po vyt\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed vzduchu, je m\u00e1lo viditeln\u00fd, p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velkou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e v\u0161ak nesnese. Pokud je sty\u010dn\u00e1 plocha mal\u00e1 a m\u00e1 odolat zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, lep\u0161\u00ed je pou\u017e\u00edt epoxy soupravu, kter\u00e1 se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z lepidla samotn\u00e9ho a vytvrdzovadla. M\u00edch\u00e1 se v\u017edy na okam\u017eitou spot\u0159ebu, proto\u017ee v p\u0159edepsan\u00e9m \u010dase chemickou reakc\u00ed tuhne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pro lepen\u00ed akv\u00e1ri\u00ed a ter\u00e1ri\u00ed ze skla jsou vhodn\u00e9 silikonov\u00e9 lepidla ur\u010den\u00e9 pro sklo, kter\u00e9 vytvo\u0159\u00ed pevn\u00fd, av\u0161ak pru\u017en\u00fd spoj s dokonalou p\u0159ilnavost\u00ed ke sklen\u011bn\u00e9mu povrchu. D\u00edky pru\u017enosti odol\u00e1v\u00e1 spoj vysok\u00e9 n\u00e1maze a tak ho nepo\u0161kod\u00ed ani siln\u00fd tlak p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00ed vody. Vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed se v r\u016fzn\u00fdch barevn\u00fdch odst\u00ednech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jin\u00e9 druhy silikon\u016f lze pou\u017e\u00edt k zaskl\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed \u010di lepen\u00ed skla na r\u016fzn\u00e9 jin\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Obez\u0159etnost je v\u0161ak nutn\u00e1 p\u0159i lepen\u00ed zrcadel, jejich\u017e rubovou stranu s odrazovou vrstvou lepidla ur\u010den\u00e9 pro sklo po\u0161kozuj\u00ed. P\u0159i lepen\u00ed proto t\u0159eba volit silikony s neutr\u00e1ln\u00edmi rozpou\u0161t\u011bdly, kter\u00e9 jsou ur\u010deny speci\u00e1ln\u011b pro zrcadla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve v\u0161ech p\u0159\u00edpadech je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 dokonale odmastit p\u0159ed lepen\u00edm povrch skla a nep\u0159estat myslet na to, \u017ee k\u0159ehk\u00fd materi\u00e1l p\u0159i uchycen\u00ed svorkami p\u0159i prohnut\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee prasknout.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

guma
P\u0159i lepen\u00ed gumy je \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed, aby byl spoj stejn\u011b pru\u017en\u00fd jako materi\u00e1l samotn\u00fd. Proto se vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed lepidla, kter\u00e9 si zachovaj\u00ed svou pevnost a p\u0159ilnavost iv p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b intenzivn\u00edch zm\u011bn rozm\u011bru a tvaru. Nej\u010dast\u011bji jde o chl\u00f3rpr\u00e9nov\u00e9 a chlorkau\u010dukov\u00fd lepidla, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed dobrou p\u0159ilnavost ik textilu a n\u011bkter\u00fdm druh\u016fm plast\u016f. Nen\u00ed proto p\u0159ekvapen\u00edm, \u017ee jsou vhodn\u00e9 i pro lepen\u00ed obuvi. Zat\u00edmco jednoslo\u017ekov\u00e9 lze pou\u017e\u00edt okam\u017eit\u011b, dvouslo\u017ekov\u00e9 t\u0159eba p\u0159ed ka\u017ed\u00fdm lepen\u00edm sm\u00edchat v p\u0159edepsan\u00e9m pom\u011bru s vytvrdzovadlom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Guma mus\u00ed b\u00fdt dokonale odma\u0161t\u011bn\u00e1 a aby byl spoj pevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed povrch se zvykne upravovat kyselinou s\u00edrovou a p\u0159ebrou\u0161en\u00edm. P\u0159i lepen\u00ed je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 odv\u011btrat tenkou vrstvi\u010dku lepidla na obou lepen\u00fdch ploch\u00e1ch, zat\u00edmco jej\u00ed povrch neprituhne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

porcel\u00e1n
Pro lepen\u00ed keramiky a porcel\u00e1nu je vhodn\u00e9 p\u0159i ozdobn\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011btech pou\u017e\u00edt sekundov\u00e9 lepidlo na b\u00e1zi kyano-akryl\u00e1tu, nebo pro pevn\u00e9, vodot\u011bsn\u00e9 a nam\u00e1hav\u00e9 spoje n\u011bkter\u00e9 z epoxidov\u00fdch lepidel, kter\u00e9 jsou pro tento materi\u00e1l ur\u010deny. Spoje jsou t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 neviditeln\u00e9 a z\u00e1vis\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e na celistvosti hran st\u0159ep\u016f, jak\u00fd bude v\u00fdsledn\u00fd efekt. V\u00fdhodou epoxidov\u00fdch lepidel je, \u017ee jimi lze vyplnit chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti ve spoji a po vytvrzen\u00ed p\u0159ebrousit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nas\u00e1kavost p\u00f3rovit\u00e9 keramiky je vhodn\u00e9 p\u0159ed lepen\u00edm sn\u00ed\u017eit nanesen\u00edm tenou\u010dk\u00e9 vrstvy lepidla, kter\u00e9 se vs\u00e1kne do st\u0159epu. To v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee ve fin\u00e1le zp\u016fsobit zm\u011bnu zabarven\u00ed materi\u00e1lu v bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed bl\u00edzkosti lepen\u00e9ho spoje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

plasty
Nejproblemati\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed skupinou materi\u00e1l\u016f jsou p\u0159i lepen\u00ed plasty. Ne proto, \u017ee by na trhu nebyl dostatek lepidel. Probl\u00e9my m\u00e1me s jejich rozli\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm. Jeliko\u017e na r\u016fzn\u00e9 polymery t\u0159eba p\u0159i lepen\u00ed jinou taktiku, bez znalosti druhu plastu to nejde. Univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed lepidlo na plasty neexistuje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Tip redakce: Jste nad\u0161enci do dom\u00e1c\u00edho tvo\u0159en\u00ed? Vyzkou\u0161ejte n\u00e1vody na DIY projekty pro za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edky<\/u><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u0159i lepen\u00ed se vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed a chemick\u00e9 p\u0159ednosti, kter\u00e9 lepidlu umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed pevn\u011b se prov\u00e1zat s povrchem r\u016fzn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f. Nejednou se st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee vytvo\u0159en\u00fd spoj je pevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e samotn\u00fd materi\u00e1l. Aby v\u0161ak byl spoj dostate\u010dn\u011b odoln\u00fd, t\u0159eba respektovat ist d\u0159evoDisperze se staly v truhl\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch d\u00edln\u00e1ch univerz\u00e1ln\u00edm lepidlem na v\u0161echny spoje v\u0161ude tam, kde p\u0159ed lety mist\u0159i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":237,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-236","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-bydleni"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/236","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=236"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/236\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":732,"href":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/236\/revisions\/732"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/237"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=236"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=236"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=236"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}