{"id":539,"date":"2021-07-01T10:16:51","date_gmt":"2021-07-01T08:16:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/?p=539"},"modified":"2021-07-01T10:16:53","modified_gmt":"2021-07-01T08:16:53","slug":"jak-mit-krasnou-a-plodnou-zahradu-a-pritom-se-hodne-nenadelat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/?p=539","title":{"rendered":"Jak m\u00edt kr\u00e1snou a plodnou zahradu a p\u0159itom se hodn\u011b nenad\u011blat?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Jak m\u00edt kr\u00e1snou a plodnou zahradu a p\u0159itom se hodn\u011b nenad\u011blaj\u00ed? Podle zast\u00e1nc\u016f permakultury sta\u010d\u00ed s p\u0159\u00edrodou spolupracovat a ne s n\u00ed bojovat. Nav\u0161t\u00edvili jsme Zuzku Matou\u0161ovo, m\u00e1mu t\u0159\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1m na sv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed zahrad\u011b uk\u00e1zala, jak permakultura a jej\u00ed principy vypadaj\u00ed v praxi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slunce, zem, voda a vzduch
Prvn\u00ed v\u011bc\u00ed, kterou si podle Zuzky mus\u00edme v zahrad\u011b v\u0161\u00edmat, jsou \u010dty\u0159i \u017eivly. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je zn\u00e1t, kter\u00e1 m\u00edsta jsou slune\u010dn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 stinn\u00e9 a jakou m\u00e1me p\u016fdu. Podle toho se rozhodujeme, co kam s\u00e1zet, abychom naplno vyu\u017eili potenci\u00e1l zahrady. Pozemek Zuzky a Jan\u010diho je \u010dlenit\u00fd, z\u010d\u00e1sti slunn\u00fd, z\u010d\u00e1sti zast\u00edn\u011bn. Tyto rozd\u00edly vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad v sad\u011b ovocn\u00fdch strom\u016f. \u0158ada \u0161vestek maj\u00ed vysazen na slunci, \u0159ada z nich je v polost\u00ednu, dal\u0161\u00ed v \u00fapln\u00e9m st\u00ednu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

„Rozd\u00edl v \u010dase dozr\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed mezi t\u011bmi, co jsou na slunci a t\u011bmi, co jsou ve st\u00ednu, jsou t\u0159i t\u00fddny. I d\u00edky tomuto si prodlu\u017eujeme svou p\u011bstitelskou sez\u00f3nu, „usm\u00edv\u00e1 se Zuzka. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1 tak\u00e9 o tom, jak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd je v\u00edtr na pozemku: „Nem\u00e1 smysl se mu br\u00e1nit, stav\u011bt si kolem pozemku vysok\u00e9 pevn\u00e9 zdi. Pokud v\u00edtr naraz\u00ed na pevnou p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eku, zvedne se a v ur\u010dit\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ce se vrac\u00ed na pozemek v mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed s\u00edle. Existuje k tomu i matematick\u00fd vzorec, kter\u00fdm to vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1me. „<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lep\u0161\u00edm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm je podle Zuzky polopropustn\u00fd plot, nap\u0159\u00edklad z ke\u0159\u016f \u010di d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdch lat\u00ed. V\u00edtr je prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd, po de\u0161ti zvlh\u010den\u00e1 p\u016fda d\u00edky n\u011bmu rychle proschne. Mnoh\u00e9 rostliny se opyluj\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u011btrem – rakytn\u00edk nebo t\u0159e\u0161n\u011b. Rozbor p\u016fdy je tak\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd. Rostliny bychom m\u011bli vyb\u00edrat s ohledem na typ p\u016fdy. Zuzka rad\u00ed vyb\u00edrat si rostliny, kter\u00fdm se bude v dan\u00e9m typu p\u016fdy da\u0159it i bez v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1mahy. A co vodn\u00ed \u017eivel? U Mat\u00fa\u0161ovcov najdete jez\u00edrka t\u0159i. „M\u00e1me \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed, \u017ee m\u00e1me zdroj vody na horn\u00edm konci zahrady, \u010dili d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e voda z na\u0161eho pozemku odte\u010de, cirkuluje ve t\u0159ech jezerech a je\u0161t\u011b se oh\u0159eje na doln\u00edm konci pozemku ve star\u00e9 van\u011b. Z n\u00ed vodu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me na zal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed. „<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ovocn\u00fd sad. „\u00dadr\u017eba strom\u016f a ke\u0159\u016f nen\u00ed n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 a ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s uhlazen\u00fdm anglick\u00fdm tr\u00e1vn\u00edkem je i podstatn\u011b jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed a protihodnota v podob\u011b sladk\u00fdch plod\u016f je k nezaplacen\u00ed.“ Zuzana Mat\u00fa\u0161ov\u00e1
Ovocn\u00fd sad. „\u00dadr\u017eba strom\u016f a ke\u0159\u016f nen\u00ed n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 a ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s uhlazen\u00fdm anglick\u00fdm tr\u00e1vn\u00edkem je i podstatn\u011b jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed a protihodnota v podob\u011b sladk\u00fdch plod\u016f je k nezaplacen\u00ed.“ Zuzana Mat\u00fa\u0161ov\u00e1 VENTURA PICTURES<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u011btsk\u00fd sen. Nad starou vrbou letos p\u0159ibyl dome\u010dek. Je z n\u011bj n\u00e1dhern\u00fd v\u00fdhled do cel\u00e9 zahrady. Cel\u00e1 rodina tam r\u00e1da tr\u00e1v\u00ed neru\u0161en\u00fd \u010das a d\u011bti i „presp\u00e1va\u010dky“ s kamar\u00e1dy. V procesu je je\u0161t\u011b dokon\u010den\u00ed z\u00e1bradl\u00ed a st\u0159echy.
D\u011btsk\u00fd sen. Nad starou vrbou letos p\u0159ibyl dome\u010dek. Je z n\u011bj n\u00e1dhern\u00fd v\u00fdhled do cel\u00e9 zahrady. Cel\u00e1 rodina tam r\u00e1da tr\u00e1v\u00ed neru\u0161en\u00fd \u010das a d\u011bti i „presp\u00e1va\u010dky“ s kamar\u00e1dy. V procesu je je\u0161t\u011b dokon\u010den\u00ed z\u00e1bradl\u00ed a st\u0159echy. VENTURA PICTURES<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u016fznorodost vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed stabiln\u00ed syst\u00e9m
Inspiraci Zuzka hled\u00e1 ve voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b: „Jeden ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edch princip\u016f lesa je r\u016fznorodost, d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e je les stabiln\u00ed. Pokud m\u00e1te v zahrad\u011b jen tr\u00e1vn\u00edk a okrasn\u00e9 d\u0159eviny, m\u016f\u017ee se st\u00e1t, \u017ee p\u0159ijde velk\u00e9 sucho, vy jste pr\u00e1v\u011b na dovolen\u00e9, a z tr\u00e1vn\u00edku tak z\u016fstane jen \u017elut\u00fd koberec. Pokud m\u00e1te \u017eiv\u00fd plot ze zimostr\u00e1zu, m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e1m ho napadnout Zav\u00edje\u010d zimostr\u00e1zovym a ze zelen\u00e9ho plotu m\u00e1te \u017elut\u00fd p\u00e1s. „<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toto podle n\u00ed nehroz\u00ed v zahrad\u011b s r\u016fznorod\u00fdm \u017eiv\u00fdm plotem \u010di zahradou, ve kter\u00e9 kv\u011btiny dopl\u0148uj\u00ed zeleninu, bylinky ji chr\u00e1n\u00ed a stromy j\u00ed st\u00edn\u00ed, hmyz ji opyluje, pt\u00e1ci j\u00ed d\u00e1vaj\u00ed zvuk, je\u0161t\u011brky pohyb a jez\u00edrko \u017eivotn\u00ed s\u00edlu. Zuzka je m\u00e1mou t\u0159\u00ed mal\u00fdch chlapc\u016f, \u010dtvrt\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b je na cest\u011b. P\u0159esto zahrada i sad vzkv\u00e9t\u00e1, stejn\u011b jako jejich majitelka. Zuzka vysv\u011btluje, \u017ee pr\u00e1ce v zahrad\u011b nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt d\u0159ina: „V lese nikdo neobd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1, neseje, nevyn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed trus. V\u0161e si najde cestu i p\u0159esto, \u017ee v lese nikde nenajdete odhalenou p\u016fdu. P\u0159\u00edroda vn\u00edm\u00e1 odhalenou p\u016fdu jako katastrofu, erozi a sna\u017e\u00ed se r\u00e1nu zahojit. Po\u0161le tam sv\u00fdch „v\u00fdsadk\u00e1\u0159\u016f“, tedy plevel. Pol\u00ed\u010dka m\u016f\u017eeme nastie\u013ea\u0165 sl\u00e1mou, \u0161t\u011bpkou, pod ke\u0159i list\u00edm. Nast\u00fdlkou \u200b\u200bzabr\u00e1n\u00ed nejen pror\u016fst\u00e1n\u00ed plevele, ale udr\u017e\u00ed rostlin\u00e1m dostate\u010dnou vlhkost. „<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

V zahrad\u011b u Mat\u00fa\u0161ovcov najdeme t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161ude vyv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 z\u00e1hony. Zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k rostlin\u00e1m ze v\u0161ech stran, aby nemuseli \u0161lapat na p\u016fdu. „Okop\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a ryt\u00edm se \u010dasto stane, \u017ee zem s organismy, kter\u00e9 d\u0159\u00edve nevid\u011bli sv\u011btlo, se dostanou na slunce a zahynou, a naopak organismy z povrchu poh\u0159b\u00edme.“ Podle Zuzky ryt\u00ed, tedy obracen\u00ed p\u016fdy, zp\u016fsobuje jej\u00ed devastaci. Zab\u00edj\u00edme v n\u00ed toti\u017e d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd \u017eivot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vodn\u00ed \u017eivel. Mat\u00fa\u0161ovci maj\u00ed na zahrad\u011b t\u0159i jez\u00edrka a na \u010dastou ot\u00e1zku bezpe\u010dnosti Zuzka odpov\u00edd\u00e1, \u017ee d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 je prevence. Nau\u010dit d\u011bti, jak se u vody chovat, stejn\u011b jako je d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e nau\u010dit d\u011bti pracovat s no\u017eem, ne\u017e ho p\u0159ed nimi schov\u00e1vat. Pro chlapce nejsou jezera ni\u010d\u00edm v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9, proto\u017ee je maj\u00ed doma.
Vodn\u00ed \u017eivel.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Jak m\u00edt kr\u00e1snou a plodnou zahradu a p\u0159itom se hodn\u011b nenad\u011blaj\u00ed? Podle zast\u00e1nc\u016f permakultury sta\u010d\u00ed s p\u0159\u00edrodou spolupracovat a ne s n\u00ed bojovat. Nav\u0161t\u00edvili jsme Zuzku Matou\u0161ovo, m\u00e1mu t\u0159\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1m na sv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed zahrad\u011b uk\u00e1zala, jak permakultura a jej\u00ed principy vypadaj\u00ed v praxi. Slunce, zem, voda a vzduchPrvn\u00ed v\u011bc\u00ed, kterou si podle Zuzky […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":540,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-539","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-zahrada"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/539","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=539"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/539\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/540"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=539"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=539"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmag.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=539"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}